The macula plays a vital role in helping us see sharp details, read text clearly, and recognize faces. When fluid accumulates in this area of the retina, it can lead to a condition known as cystoid macular edema (CME). Dr. Oren Plous, our board-certified ophthalmologist and retina specialist serving Western and Central Florida, offers advanced expertise in diagnosing and treating conditions like cystoid macular edema to help protect long-term vision.
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What Is Cystoid Macular Edema?

Cystoid macular edema occurs when fluid collects in small cyst-like spaces within the macula. This swelling disrupts its ability to function properly, leading to blurry or distorted central vision. Cystoid macular edema is not a disease itself but rather a sign of inflammation or damage within the retina.

Common Causes of Cystoid Macular Edema

Several underlying conditions or events can trigger cystoid macular edema, including:

• Diabetic retinopathy - Chronic high blood sugar can damage blood vessels in the retina, leading to leakage and swelling.

• Retinal vein occlusion - Blockage of the retinal veins can cause fluid buildup.

• Cataract Surgery – Some patients develop cystoid macular edema after cataract removal (called Irvine-Gass Syndrome).

• Uveitis or inflammation - Inflammatory eye diseases increase fluid leakage in the retina.

• Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) - Abnormal blood vessels may leak fluid into the macula.

• Eye trauma - Injury can disrupt retinal structure and cause swelling.
  
  

Recognizing the Symptoms of Cystoid Macular Edema

CME affects the macula, so symptoms usually involve changes in central vision. These may include:

• Blurred or hazy central vision

• Difficulty reading or recognizing faces

• Distortion of straight lines (metamorphopsia)

• Faded or washed-out colors

• A dark or shadowed spot in the central field of view
  
  

Symptoms can develop gradually or suddenly depending on the cause.

Treatment Options for Cystoid Macular Edema

The best treatment approach depends on the underlying cause and severity of swelling. Dr. Plous customizes each patient’s care plan using the most effective option, which may include:

• Prescription eye drops: Anti-inflammatory drops, including corticosteroids or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, are often used when CME develops after cataract surgery.

• Intravitreal injections: Anti-VEGF medications and corticosteroids can be injected directly into the eye to reduce blood vessel leakage and inflammation.

• Retinal procedures or surgeries: In cases where structural issues contribute to CME - such as a vitreomacular traction, scar tissue, or a damaged retinal membrane - surgical intervention like a vitrectomy can relieve traction and reduce swelling.

• Addressing the underlying cause: Improving diabetes control, treating inflammatory eye disease, or correcting retinal vein blockage can prevent further damage and enhance recovery.
  
  

With timely diagnosis and specialized care, many individuals experience significant improvement in vision and long-term retinal health.

Protect Your Vision With Expert Retinal Care

Cystoid macular edema can threaten your vision if not properly treated. If you notice blurry vision, distorted images, or any concerning changes, it’s important to seek prompt care. Dr. Oren Plous and his team provide advanced diagnostic technology and personalized treatment for retinal diseases throughout Western and Central Florida, including Venice, Sarasota, Wellen Park, Punta Gorda, Englewood, North Port, Fort Myers, and Largo.

If you are experiencing symptoms of cystoid macular edema or changes in your vision, contact Gulf Coast Retina Center today to schedule a comprehensive retinal evaluation.